Basic

• Botanical name: Brassica spp.
• Family: Cruciferae ^AFO-2021
• Origin: China
• AICRP on oilseed was started on 1967.
• Pods of mustard known as siliqua.

• Inflorescence of mustard in known as raceme.
• Evolution of Brassica species: [NOC] – [NO – Car] – [Or Cat - pus] – []
  • B. carinata = B. nigra x B. oleracia
  • B. napus = B. oleracia x B. compestris
  • B. juncia = B. nigra x B. compestris

Mustard species

1. Brassica compestris – Sarson
2. Brassica napus – Rapseed
3. Brassica juncea – Brown mustard (Indian mustard)
4. Brassica nigra – Black mustard (used for condiment purpose)
5. Brassica carinata – Ethiopian mustard
6. Brassica rapa – Toria (most widely spread in world)
7. Eruca sativa – Taramira

Rapeseed vs Mustard

Climate

• Cool temperature, 🥶 clear dry weather with bright sunshine ☀️ accompanied with adequate soil moisture increases the oil percentage of crop.
• The crop cannot tolerate drought as well as water logging condition.
• This crop does not tolerate frost.
• Mustard crop requires the temperatures between 10°C to 25°C.
• Mostly grown in Rabi season.

Soil

• Mustard can be grown in wide varieties of soils that ranges from light to heavy loamy soils.
• Soil ideal pH range for Mustard is 6.0 to 7.5

• Sowing time: October 3rd week to November 1st week
• Seed rate:
  • Pure crop: 4 to 6 kg/ha
  • Mixed crop: 2 to 3 kg/ha
• Spacing:
  • Mustard/Rai: 45cm x 15cm
  • Toria/Rapeseed: 30cm x 10cm
• Irrigation: 2 irrigations, 350-450 mm water requirement
• Critical stages:
  1. Rosette stage (20-30 DAS)
  2. Siliqua formation stage

Varieties

1. Toria: Type-9, 36, Sangam, M-27
2. Brown sarson: BS-70, Pusa kalyani, Sufla, BSH-1
3. Yellow sarson: Benoy, Type-42
4. Mustard (Rai/Laha): Kranti, Varuna, Krishna, Pusa Bold, Vardan, Rohni
5. Taramira: T-27
6. Mustard hybrid: Pusa Jai Kisan (Bio 902): first variety Brassica juncea developed in the world
7. NRC-HB-506: It is the first hybrid of mustard in India developed from Directorate of Rapeseed and Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajsthan
8. 00 or canola type variety of Gobhi sarson – PGSH-51
9. A new raya mustard variety CS-56 (Triveni) with higher oil content (37-40%), for late sown conditions of Zone II of (Sriganganager, Ludhiana, Hisar, Delhi etc.)

• Nutrient management: 60 : 30 : 30 : 20 : 10 kg NPK S Zn/ha.

Disease

Insect-Pest

Yield

• Rapeseed: 14-20 q/ha
• Mustard: 20-25 q/ha
• Optimum moisture content for safe storage: 8 per cent

Basic

• Botanical name: Brassica spp.
• Family: Cruciferae ^AFO-2021
• Origin: China
• AICRP on oilseed was started on 1967.
• Pods of mustard known as siliqua.

• Inflorescence of mustard in known as raceme.
• Evolution of Brassica species: [NOC] – [NO – Car] – [Or Cat - pus] – []
  • B. carinata = B. nigra x B. oleracia
  • B. napus = B. oleracia x B. compestris
  • B. juncia = B. nigra x B. compestris

Mustard species

1. Brassica compestris – Sarson
2. Brassica napus – Rapseed
3. Brassica juncea – Brown mustard (Indian mustard)
4. Brassica nigra – Black mustard (used for condiment purpose)
5. Brassica carinata – Ethiopian mustard
6. Brassica rapa – Toria (most widely spread in world)
7. Eruca sativa – Taramira

Rapeseed vs Mustard

Climate

• Cool temperature, 🥶 clear dry weather with bright sunshine ☀️ …

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