🍶 White Revolution

The story of White Revolution and Operation Flood and Institutes related to Animal Husbandry

After Independence the first organized attempt to develop village cattle on an effective scale was initiated with the launch of key village scheme (KVS) in 1952 during first five-year plan.
KVS is a general comprehensive scheme drawn up by Government of India for development of cattle population in India by employing scientific methods for improvement of cattle viz., Artificial insemination, Grading & selective breeding, Formulation of co-operative societies for marketing the pure breed cattle and development of feed & fodder.

Launched in 1964-65.
It envisaged provision of a package of improved practices to the cattle owner to affect a breakthrough in milk production.

In 1965, the NDDB (National Dairy Development Board) was created in response to then Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri call, which drew up a project called “Operation Flood” in late sixties.
Launched in 1970, Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers direct their own development, placing control of the resources they create in their own hands.
A National Milk Grid links milk producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets fair market prices in a transparent manner on a regular basis.
It was a project of National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), which was the world’s biggest dairy and rural development program.
The bedrock of Operation Flood has been Village Milk producers' co-operatives, which procure milk and provide inputs and services, making modern management and technology available to members.
Operation Flood’s objectives included:
- Increase milk production (“a flood of milk”)
- Augment rural incomes
- Fair prices for consumers by reducing middle man
It was launched in 3 phases:
It transforms India from a milk-deficient nation into the world’s largest milk producer, suppressing the USA in 1998.
National Milk Grid: Linking milk producers throughout India.
Operation Flood was the program behind the White Revolution.
Father: Verghese Kurien.

Anand Milk Union Limited (Gujarat)
It all began when milk became a symbol of protest
Inspired by the freedom movement, founded in 1946 to stop the exploitation by middlemen.
THE THREE-TIER “ANAND MODEL”:
- The Amul Model of dairy development is a three-tiered structure with the dairy cooperative societies at the village level federated under a milk union at the district level and a federation of member unions at the state level.
- Establishment of a direct linkage between milk producers and consumers by eliminating middlemen
- Milk Producers (farmers) control procurement, processing and marketing
- Professional management
This helps in eliminating not only internal competition but also ensuring economies of scale.
This structure was first evolved at Amul in Gujarat and thereafter replicated all over the country under the Operation Flood Programme, it is known as the ‘Amul Model’ or ‘Anand Pattern’ of Dairy Cooperatives.
Current Chairman of Amul: Shamalbhai B Patel

NDDB is an autonomous body established by government of India in 1965. It got registered under the societies registration act and public trusts act.
The Main purpose of establishing NDDB was to replicate the Anand Pattern model in rest of the country.

👉🏻 The major objectives of the NDDB are:

To make available, on request, the information, skills and technical services needed to increase production of milk and dairy, technical inputs to speed up procurement, processing and distribution of milk.
To provide manpower services for dairy and allied projects by organizing technical programmes for training personnel.
To conduct research in the field of dairying and animal husbandry.

Institutes 🏥

Observed on 26^th November
Birth anniversary of Verghese Kurein, the Father of White Revolution in India.

References

- G.C. Banerjee: A Textbook of Animal Husbandry
- https://www.nddb.coop/
- https://drkurien.com/
- https://amul.com/
- Wikipedia