🌜 Paper II Strategy

Paper-II

Cell Biology

1. Cell structure, function and cell cycle.
2. Synthesis, structure and function of genetic material.
3. Laws of heredity.
4. Chromosome structure, chromosomal aberrations.
5. Linkage and cross-over, and their significance in recombination breeding.
6. Polyploidy, euploids and aneuploids.
7. Mutations - and their role in crop improvement.
8. Heritability, sterility and incompatibility, classification and their application in crop improvement.
9. Cytoplasmic inheritance, sex-linked, sex-influenced and sex-limited characters.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• AgriDots Notes

Plant Breeding

1. History of plant breeding.
2. Modes of reproduction, selfing and crossing techniques.
3. Origin, evolution and domestication of crop plants, center of origin, law of homologous series, crop genetic resources conservation and utilization.
4. Application of principles of plant breeding, improvement of crop plants.
5. Molecular markers and their application in plant improvement.
6. Pure-line selection, pedigree, mass and recurrent selections, combining ability, its significance in plant breeding.
7. Heterosis and its exploitation.
8. Somatic hybridization.
9. Breeding for disease and pest resistance.
10. Role of interspecific and intergeneric hybridization.
11. Role of genetic engineering and biotechnology in crop improvement.
12. Genetically modified crop plants.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• Genetics by BD Singh
• Plant Breeding by BD Singh
• Biotechnology: BD Singh + notes
• Biochemistry: VK Jain + Internet, Evolution Notes
• AgriDots Notes

Seed Production & Technology

1. Seed production and processing technologies.
2. Seed certification, seed testing and storage.
3. DNA finger printing and seed registration.
4. Role of public and private sectors in seed production and marketing.
5. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues, WTO issues and its impact on Agriculture.

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• RL Agrawal, Evolution Notes (Botany Part Only)
• AgriDots Notes

Plant Protection Techniques

1. Diagnosis of pests and diseases of field crops, vegetables, orchard and plantation crops and their economic importance.
2. Classification of pests and diseases and their management.
3. Integrated pest and disease management.
4. Storage pests and their management.
5. Biological control of pests and diseases.
6. Epidemiology and forecasting of major crop pests and diseases.
7. Plant quarantine measures.
8. Pesticides, their formulation and modes of action.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• AgriDots Notes

Plant Physiology

1. Principles of Plant Physiology with reference to plant nutrition, absorption, translocation and metabolism of nutrients.
2. Soil - water- plant relationship.
3. Enzymes and plant pigments;
4. Photosynthesis- modern concepts and factors affecting.
5. C3, C4 and CAM mechanisms.
6. Factors affecting aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
7. Carbohydrate, Protein and fat metabolism.
8. Growth and development; photoperiodism and vernalilzation.
9. Plant growth substances and their role in crop production.
10. Physiology of seed development and germination; dormancy.
11. Stress physiology - drought, salt and water stress.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• VK Jain, evolution notes
• AgriDots Notes

Horticulture & Landscape Gardening

1. Major fruits, plantation crops, vegetables, spices and flower crops.
2. Package practices of major horticultural crops.
3. Protected cultivation and high tech horticulture.
4. Post-harvest technology and value addition of fruits and vegetables.
5. Landscaping and commercial floriculture.
6. Medicinal and aromatic plants.
7. Role of fruits and vegetables in human nutrition.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• AgriDots Notes

Food Production & Nutrition Management

1. Food production and consumption trends in India.
2. Food security and growing population - vision 2020.
3. Reasons for grain surplus.
4. National and international food policies.
5. Production, procurement, distribution constraints.
6. Availability of food grains, per capita expenditure on food.
7. Trends in poverty, Public Distribution System and Below Poverty Line population, Targeted Public Distribution System (PDS), policy implementation in context to globalization.
8. Processing constraints.
9. Relation of food production to National Dietary Guidelines and food consumption pattern.
10. Food based dietary approaches to eliminate hunger.
11. Nutrient deficiency:
    • Micro nutrient deficiency, Protein Energy Malnutrition or Protein Calorie Malnutrition (PEM or PCM).
    • Micro nutrient deficiency and HRD in context of work capacity of women and children.
12. Food grain productivity and food security.

📚 Recommended Matterial

• Internet
• AgriDots Notes