Okra

• Botanical Name: Abelmoschus esculantus
• Family: Malvaceae
• Origin: Africa

• Also known as queen of vegetables.
• Major producing state is West Bengal followed by Bihar.
• Higher Iodine content helps in controlling goitre.
• After onion it accounts 70% of the 30% exchange earnings from export of vegetables.
• Dr. Harbhajan Singh started systematic research work on Bhindi.
• Resistance to YVMV have been the major breeding objective in Okra.
• Pusa Sawani is adopted to larger pH range and has tolerance to salinity.
• Arka Abhay and Pusa-A-4 give quick branching after pruning.
• Spacing - 45cm x 30 cm
• Seed rate:
  • For kharif season: 8-10 kg/ha is optimum
  • Hybrid - 2.5 kg/ha
  • For spring - summer the seed rate is 20 kg/ha

Varieties

• Selection
  • Pusa Mokhmali
  • Gujrat Behdi No. I
• Introduction
  • Clemon’s spineless - Introduction
  • Perkins Long Green
• Hybrid
  • Pusa Sawani: Pusa Mokhmali x IC-1542 : day neutral variety, spinless
  • Punjab Padmani: A. esculentus x A. manihot spp. manihot
  • Parbhani kranti: A. esculentus x A. manihot spp. manihot
  • Arka Anamica: A. esculentus x A. manihot spp. tetraphyllus
  • Arka Abhay: A. esculentus x A. manihot spp. manihot
• Private sector hybrid: Panchali, Adhunik, Supriya, Varsha
• Mutant: EMS-8
• YVMV resistant varieties
  • Arka Anamika
  • Arka Abhay
  • Parbhani kranti
  • Punjab Padmani
  • Pusa Sawani
  • Varsha Upkar
  • Hissar Barsati
• Pusa: Susceptible to YVMV
• Pusa-A-4: Resistant to YVMV and tolerant to jassids and fruits and shoot borer
• Varsha Upkar: Suitable in disease prone areas (YVMV)
• It is a tropical crop.
• The roots and sterns are used for clearing cane juice in preparation of Gur.
• Arka Abhay is a sister line of Arka Anamika.
• Perkins long green: Suitable for hilly region of North India.
• Punjab Padmani: Possesses field resistance to YVMV and tolerance to jassids and cotton boll worm.
• Export standard: 6-8 cm long fruits.
• At temperature above 42°C, flower bud drops.
• For normal growth and development of Okra a temperature between 24°C and 28°C is preferred.
• Okra give 300-500% crop land use efficiency as an intercrop in cassava and cucurbits.
• Longer fruits are used for fresh market.

Diseases

• Yellow vein mosaic virus (YVMV)
  • Yellow vein mosaic is due to Virus, transmitted by white fly.

• Spray systemic insecticides like Methyl demeton or Dimethoate @ 2 ml / l to kill the insect vector, whitefly.

Pest

• Jassid is most serious pest of Okra.
• Major pest of okra is Fruit borer (Earias vilella)

• Blister beetle: Mylabris pustulata

Pea

• Pisum sativam
• Family: Leguminacae
• Garden pea is Pisum sativam var. hortense
• Pea is rich source of protein, about 25 %.
• State which is first in area and production of pea is UP
• In India pea is the most popular canned vegetable
• Maturity of pea is measured by Tendrometer
• Stem borer of pea: Erizophera particella.
• Powdery mildew of pea: Erysiphe polygon
• Seed rate: 75-80 kg/ha

Varieties

• Azad P-1
• Jawahar mator-1 (susceptible to powdery mildew)
• Bonneville (suitable for dehydration)
• Arkel (sickle shaped pods)
• Sylvia (whole pod is edible)
• Arka Ajit (resistant to powdery mildew)
• Harbhajan (extra early variety)
• Hissar harit-1
• Aparna/HFP-4: First dwarf variety
• Rachna (powdery mildew resistant)

Cowpea

• Family: Legumenosaea
• Native place: Africa
• Seed rate for rainy season is 12-15 kg/ha
• For summer vegetable: 20-25 kg/ha
• For fodder purpose: 20-30 kg/ha
• Pest of cow pea is pod fly: Opkitnnyia phaseoil

Varieties

• Pusa barsati
• Pusa dofasali
• Pusa rituraj
• Pusa komal
• Kansi gouri
• Pusa phalguni (dwarf variety)

Cluster bean

• Cyamopsis tetragonalaba
• Rajasthan is first in production and area of cluster bean
• It is used as cattle feeds and fodder, making gum, resins and explosive.
• But immature pods are also used as green vegetable.

Varieties of cluter bean as green consumption:

• Pusa sadabahar
• Pusa mosami
• Durgapura safed
• Pusa navbahar

Palak (Spinach)

• Beta vulgaris var heagaleasis
• Seed rate: 20-25 kg/ha

Varieties

• Punjab green
• All green
• Pusa harit
• Pusa jyoti
• Jobner green (mutant variety)
• Pusa bharti: (Polyploid)

Okra

• Botanical Name: Abelmoschus esculantus
• Family: Malvaceae
• Origin: Africa

• Also known as queen of vegetables.
• Major producing state is West Bengal followed by Bihar.
• Higher Iodine content helps in controlling goitre.
• After onion it accounts 70% of the 30% exchange earnings from export of vegetables.
• Dr. Harbhajan Singh started systematic research work on Bhindi.
• Resistance to YVMV have been the major breeding objective in Okra.
• Pusa Sawani is adopted to larger pH range and has tolerance to salinity.
• Arka Abhay and Pusa-A-4 give quick branching after pruning.
• Spacing - 45cm x 30 cm
• Seed rate:
  • For kharif season: 8-10 kg/ha is optimum
  • Hybrid - 2.5 kg/ha
  • For spring - summer the seed rate is 20 kg/ha

Varieties

• Selection
  • Pusa Mokhmali
  • Gujrat Behdi No. I
• Introduction …

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