• Botanical Name: Carica papaya
• Family: Caricaceae
• Origin: Tropical America
• Papaya was introduced in India in 16^th century.
• It is a tropical fruit and more sensitive to frost.
• Carica candamarcensis — Mountain papaya.
• Highest productivity after Banana.
• India has 4^th rank in papaya production in the world.
• Highest producing state in India - Andhra Pradesh
• Frost is the most limiting factor in papaya cultivation in north India.
• Papaya is thermosensitive crop.
• Papaya plants are very susceptible to water logging.
• Yellow pigment in papaya — Caricaxanthin
• Carpine obtained from papaya, is utilized as a diuretic and heart stimulent.
• Pepsin - Dried latex of Papaya contains this enzyme.
• Papain - Enzyme present in papaya for marinating meat and meat products.
• Papain contain 72.2% protein.
• Papaya is highly cross-pollinated plant.
• Papaya is commercially propagated by seed.
• Papaya is Polygamous plant i.e. Bearing some flowers with stamens only, some with pistils only, and some with both, on the same or different plants.
• Seed Rate for Gynodioecious (Gynodioecy is the evolutionary intermediate stage between hermaphroditism (exhibiting both female and male parts) and dioecy (having two distinct morphs: male and female variety) - 250-300 gm/ha.
• Seed Rate for Dioecous (Plant in which male and female reproductive parts occur in different plants) - 400-500gm/ha.
• 1 gram = 20 seeds of papaya.
• Seed are enclosed in gelatinous sarcotesta.
• Recommended spacing for Pusa Nanha is 1.25 X 1.25 m² (6000 plants/hac)
• Damping off is most serious disease of papaya seedlings.
• 10% male plant is planted where dioecious varieties are cultivated.
• Sunrise solo type of papaya produce no male plants.
• Irrigation by ring method.

Varieties

• Gynodioecous [DMCTSS]
  • Pusa Delicious
  • Pusa Majesty: One of highest papain yielders
  • Coorg honey dew: Selection from honey dew (Madhu Bindu) - Hermaphrodite
  • Taiwan – (Blood red flesh)
  • Sunrise solo – (Pink flesh)
  • Surya
• Dioecious Varieties
  • Pusa Nanha: Extremely dwarf, suitable for HDP (pot garden).
  • Pusa Giant: Suitable for tooty fruity and candies used in canning industry and have good wine resistance.
  • Pusa Dwarf
  • Hatras gold
  • Betty
  • Pant C-1
  • CO-1: Dwarf
  • CO-2
  • CO-5: Cultivated mainly for papain extraction (Pupain yield 1500 – 1600 kg/ha).
  • CO-6: Selection from Pusa Majesty
  • Pink flesh sweet: TSS – 12-14° Brix
  • Sunny bank
  • Improved Peresons
• Hybrid
  • CO-3: CO-2 x Sunrise Gold
  • CO-4: CO-2 x Washinghton
  • CO-7: Pusa delicious x Coorg honey dew

Disease

• Stem rot / Foot rot / damping off
  • Pythium aphanidermatum
  • It is most serious disease of papaya seedlings.
• Papaya Leaf curl

  

  • Papaya leaf curl virus
  • Spread by whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
• Papaya ring spot
  

  

  • Papaya ring spot virus
  • Upper leaves of papaya is mottled.
  • Transmitted by aphid (Aphis gossipi).
• Management:
  • Both white flies and aphids can be managed by spraying of any systemic insecticides i.e. Acephate @ 1.0 mllliter of water or Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 ml/liter of water or
  • Imidacloprid @ 0.5 ml/liter of water with Streptocyclin a 0.1 g /liter of water is also effective.

• Botanical Name: Carica papaya
• Family: Caricaceae
• Origin: Tropical America
• Papaya was introduced in India in 16^th century.
• It is a tropical fruit and more sensitive to frost.
• Carica candamarcensis — Mountain papaya.
• Highest productivity after Banana.
• India has 4^th rank in papaya production in the world.
• Highest producing state in India - Andhra Pradesh
• Frost is the most limiting factor in papaya cultivation in north India.
• Papaya is thermosensitive crop.
• Papaya plants are very susceptible to water logging.
• Yellow pigment in papaya — Caricaxanthin
• Carpine obtained from papaya, is utilized as a diuretic and heart stimulent.
• Pepsin - Dried latex of Papaya contains this enzyme.
• Papain - Enzyme present in papaya for marinating meat and meat products.
• Papain contain 72.2% protein.
• Papaya is …

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