🎯 MIDH & Horticulture Missions
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture — sub-schemes, funding patterns, CHAMAN, HORTNET, and cost norms
India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally. To bring all horticulture-related schemes under one roof, the government launched the Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH).
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
MIDH was launched on 1 April 2014 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare. It subsumed several earlier horticulture schemes into a single umbrella mission.
Key objectives:
- Promote holistic growth of the horticulture sector
- Improve productivity through R&D and technology
- Strengthen post-harvest management & marketing infrastructure
- Support skill development and employment generation
Funding Pattern
| Category | Centre Share | State Share |
|---|---|---|
| General States | 60% | 40% |
| NE & Himalayan States | 90% | 10% |
| Union Territories | 100% | 0% |
TIP
The 60:40 and 90:10 funding pattern is common across most Centrally Sponsored Schemes launched after the 14th Finance Commission (2015). Remember this as the standard CSS funding ratio.
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India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally. To bring all horticulture-related schemes under one roof, the government launched the Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH).
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
MIDH was launched on 1 April 2014 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers' Welfare. It subsumed several earlier horticulture schemes into a single umbrella mission.
Key objectives:
- Promote holistic growth of the horticulture sector
- Improve productivity through R&D and technology
- Strengthen post-harvest management & marketing infrastructure
- Support skill development and employment generation
Funding Pattern
| Category | Centre Share | State Share |
|---|---|---|
| General States | 60% | 40% |
| NE & Himalayan States | 90% | 10% |
| Union Territories | 100% | 0% |
TIP
The 60:40 and 90:10 funding pattern is common across most Centrally Sponsored Schemes launched after the 14th Finance Commission (2015). Remember this as the standard CSS funding ratio.
30% of the MIDH budget is earmarked for women beneficiaries — a frequently asked fact in exams.
Sub-Schemes under MIDH
MIDH integrates 6 sub-schemes:
| Sub-Scheme | Full Name | Focus Area |
|---|---|---|
| NHM | National Horticulture Mission | Horticulture development in identified districts (all states except NE) |
| HMNEH | Horticulture Mission for NE & Himalayan States | NE states, J&K, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand |
| NHB | National Horticulture Board | Commercial horticulture development, cold storage |
| CDB | Coconut Development Board | Coconut sector development & technology mission |
| CIH | Central Institute of Horticulture | Training & capacity building (Nagaland) |
| NBM | National Bamboo Mission | Bamboo plantation, value addition & marketing |
NOTE
NHM covers all states except the NE & Himalayan region. HMNEH exclusively covers the northeastern and Himalayan states — this distinction is important for exam questions.
NHM Cost Norms
NHM provides assistance at specific cost norms for various horticulture activities:
Nursery Development
| Activity | Cost Norm | Government Assistance |
|---|---|---|
| Large Nursery (4 ha) | Rs 30 lakh/ha | 50% of cost (max Rs 15 lakh/ha) |
| Small Nursery (1 ha) | Rs 20 lakh/ha | 50% of cost (max Rs 10 lakh/ha) |
Mushroom Cultivation
| Component | Cost Norm |
|---|---|
| Mushroom Production Unit | Rs 30 lakh |
| Mushroom Spawn Unit | Rs 20 lakh |
| Compost Making Unit | Rs 30 lakh |
TIP
Quick memory trick: Mushroom norms follow a 30-20-30 pattern (Production-Spawn-Compost). Nurseries follow 30-20 (Large-Small).
Protected Cultivation
| Structure | Cost Norm | Assistance |
|---|---|---|
| Greenhouse (Tube/Wooden) | Rs 935/sq m | 50% of cost |
| Greenhouse (Hi-tech / Fan & Pad) | Rs 1,290/sq m | 50% of cost |
| Shade Net House | Rs 710/sq m | 50% of cost |
| Plastic Mulching | Rs 32,000/ha | 50% of cost |
TIP
Protected cultivation cost norms asked in exams & exams. Key sequence: Hi-tech GH (1,290) > Tube GH (935) > Shade Net (710).
Other Key Cost Norms
| Activity | Cost Norm | Assistance |
|---|---|---|
| Fruit crops (per ha) | Rs 1.50 lakh | 40% of cost in 3 installments (60:20:20) |
| Flower crops (per ha) | Rs 1.00 lakh | 40% of cost in 2 installments |
| Spice crops (per ha) | Rs 0.75 lakh | 40% of cost |
| Vermicompost units | Rs 1.50 lakh/unit | 50% of cost (max Rs 75,000) |
| Pack house | Rs 4.00 lakh/unit | 50% of cost |
CHAMAN Programme
CHAMAN (Coordination of Horticulture Assessment and MANagement) is a programme that uses geo-informatics and remote sensing for horticulture crop assessment.
Key features:
- Uses satellite imagery, GIS, and GPS for area estimation and production forecasting
- Covers major horticulture crops across India
- Implemented by MNCFC (Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre)
- Provides early estimates of area and production for 7 major horticulture crops
- Helps in crop-weather monitoring and damage assessment
NOTE
CHAMAN is to horticulture what FASAL (Forecasting Agricultural output using Space, Agro-meteorology and Land-based observations) is to food grains. Both use remote sensing technology.
HORTNET — e-Governance Platform
HORTNET is the e-governance platform of MIDH for monitoring scheme implementation across all states.
Features of HORTNET:
- Online submission and tracking of beneficiary applications
- Real-time monitoring of physical and financial progress
- Geo-tagging of assets created under the scheme
- Dashboard for state-wise and component-wise progress
- Integration with DBT (Direct Benefit Transfer) for subsidy disbursal
Key Statistics & Targets
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| India's rank in fruit production | 2nd (after China) |
| India's rank in vegetable production | 2nd (after China) |
| Share of horticulture in agriculture GVO | ~33% |
| Total horticulture production (2024-25) | 3,707.38 lakh MT |
| Area under horticulture (2024-25) | 301.36 lakh ha |
| MIDH Budget 2025-26 | Rs 2,500 crore |
TIP
Exam corner: India is the largest producer of bananas, mangoes, papayas, and okra globally. It is the second-largest overall in both fruits and vegetables. Horticulture production has now exceeded foodgrain production — a key structural shift to remember.
Summary Cheat Sheet
| Concept / Topic | Key Details / Explanation |
|---|---|
| Why MIDH was created | India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables, and MIDH was created to bring multiple horticulture schemes under one umbrella mission for coordinated sector growth. |
| Launch and administrative status | MIDH was launched on 1 April 2014 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme under the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare. |
| Core objectives of MIDH | The mission aims to promote holistic horticulture growth, raise productivity through R&D and technology, strengthen post-harvest and marketing infrastructure, and support skill development and employment generation. |
| Funding pattern | The Centre-State sharing pattern is 60:40 for General States, 90:10 for North Eastern and Himalayan States, and 100% central support for Union Territories. |
| Women beneficiary earmark | 30% of the MIDH budget is earmarked for women beneficiaries, which is a high-frequency exam fact. |
| Number and identity of sub-schemes | MIDH integrates 6 sub-schemes: NHM, HMNEH, NHB, CDB, CIH, and NBM. |
| NHM vs HMNEH distinction | NHM covers identified horticulture districts in states outside the NE belt, while HMNEH specifically covers the North Eastern and Himalayan states, including J&K, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. |
| Other MIDH institutions | NHB supports commercial horticulture and cold storage, CDB focuses on the coconut sector, CIH handles training and capacity building from Nagaland, and NBM supports bamboo plantation, value addition, and marketing. |
| Nursery-development norms | For nursery support, Large Nursery (4 ha) has a cost norm of Rs 30 lakh/ha with 50% assistance up to Rs 15 lakh/ha, while Small Nursery (1 ha) has Rs 20 lakh/ha with 50% assistance up to Rs 10 lakh/ha. |
Summary Continued
| Concept / Topic | Key Details / Explanation |
|---|---|
| Mushroom-cultivation norms | The mushroom pattern is 30-20-30: Mushroom Production Unit = Rs 30 lakh, Mushroom Spawn Unit = Rs 20 lakh, and Compost Making Unit = Rs 30 lakh. |
| Protected-cultivation norms | Key protected-cultivation support figures are Hi-tech greenhouse = Rs 1,290/sq m, Tube/Wooden greenhouse = Rs 935/sq m, Shade net house = Rs 710/sq m, and Plastic mulching = Rs 32,000/ha, generally with 50% assistance. |
| Other frequently tested cost norms | Fruit crops get Rs 1.50 lakh/ha with 40% assistance in 3 installments (60:20:20), flower crops get Rs 1.00 lakh/ha, spice crops get Rs 0.75 lakh/ha, vermicompost units get Rs 1.50 lakh/unit with 50% assistance up to Rs 75,000, and pack house support is Rs 4.00 lakh/unit with 50% assistance. |
| CHAMAN programme | CHAMAN stands for Coordination of Horticulture Assessment and MANagement and uses remote sensing, GIS, GPS, and satellite imagery for horticulture area estimation, production forecasting, crop-weather monitoring, and damage assessment. |
| CHAMAN implementing agency and crop coverage | CHAMAN is implemented by MNCFC (Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre) and provides early estimates for 7 major horticulture crops. |
Continued
| Concept / Topic | Key Details / Explanation |
|---|---|
| CHAMAN vs FASAL | The lesson explicitly compares CHAMAN for horticulture with FASAL for food grains, with both built around remote-sensing-based crop assessment. |
| HORTNET platform | HORTNET is the e-governance platform of MIDH and supports online beneficiary applications, progress tracking, geo-tagging of assets, dashboard monitoring, and DBT-linked subsidy disbursal. |
| Key horticulture statistics used in the lesson | The lesson links MIDH to the larger sector context: India ranks 2nd in fruit production and 2nd in vegetable production, horticulture contributes about 33% of agricultural GVO, total horticulture production is 3,707.38 lakh MT, and area is 301.36 lakh ha. |
| Budget and exam-closing facts | The lesson highlights MIDH Budget 2025-26 = Rs 2,500 crore, reminds that India is the largest producer of bananas, mangoes, papayas, and okra, and stresses that horticulture production has now exceeded foodgrain production as a structural shift. |
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