ODOP & Cottage Industries
One District One Product scheme, cottage industries, MSME clusters, and handloom-handicraft sectors of Uttar Pradesh for UPSSSC AGTA exam.
Introduction
The One District One Product (ODOP) scheme is one of UP’s most distinctive industrial policy initiatives. Launched in 2018, it identifies a unique product for each of the 75 districts and provides targeted support to scale production, improve quality, and expand market access.
ODOP Scheme — Design and Objectives
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Launched | 2018 by UP Government |
| Scope | 75 districts, each mapped to one product |
| Implementing body | MSME & Export Promotion Department, UP |
| Support provided | Subsidies, Common Facility Centres, design inputs, marketing |
| Central adoption | ODOP adopted nationally under PM’s vision in 2022 |
District-Product Mapping — Key Examples
This is an extremely high-frequency exam topic. Memorize the major district-product pairs.
| District | ODOP Product | Special Note |
|---|---|---|
| Lucknow | Chikankari embroidery | GI-tagged, employs ~2 lakh artisans |
| Varanasi | Banarasi silk sarees | GI-tagged, 3000+ years old tradition |
| Moradabad | Brassware | 70% of India’s brass export |
| Agra | Leather footwear | Largest shoe cluster in Asia |
| Firozabad | Glassware & bangles | 70% of India’s glass bangles |
| Kannauj | Perfume (Attar) | Traditional distillation method |
| Bhadohi | Hand-knotted carpets | Largest handmade carpet cluster globally |
| Gorakhpur | Terracotta | Traditional clay art |
| Mathura | Dairy products | Peda, milk-based sweets |
| Meerut | Sports goods | Cricket bats, footballs |
| Farrukhabad | Block printing (hand) | Textile printing on fabric |
| Azamgarh | Black pottery | Unique black-fired ceramics |
| Pilibhit | Flutes (bansuri) | Bamboo flute-making tradition |
| Aligarh | Locks & hardware | 90% of India’s lock production |
| Khurja (Bulandshahr) | Pottery & ceramics | ”Ceramic City” |
| Pratapgarh | Amla (gooseberry) products | #1 amla-producing district |
| Etawah | Dairy (Jamunapari goat) | Famous goat breed |
| Sultanpur | Moon dal (arhar) | Pulse processing |
| Sitapur | Dastarkhwan (tablecloth) | Traditional woven fabric |
| Barabanki | Handloom (tant/muslin) | Fine cotton weaving |
Common Facility Centres (CFCs)
The ODOP scheme establishes Common Facility Centres in each district to provide shared infrastructure that individual artisans cannot afford.
- Testing labs for quality certification
- Design studios for contemporary product adaptation
- Raw material banks for bulk procurement at reduced cost
- Tool rooms with modern machinery
- Over 50 CFCs sanctioned or operational across UP
E-commerce and Market Access
ODOP products have been given special visibility on major e-commerce platforms.
- Amazon Saheli and Amazon ODOP storefronts for UP products
- Flipkart Samarth programme onboards ODOP artisans
- GeM (Government e-Marketplace) — ODOP products listed for government procurement
- ODOP Mart — physical and online stores operated by UP government
- International exhibitions through Export Promotion Councils
Khadi and Village Industries
The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) has a significant presence in UP, which is one of the largest producers of khadi in India.
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| UP rank in khadi production | Among top 3 states |
| Key centres | Lucknow, Varanasi, Azamgarh, Gorakhpur |
| KVIC schemes | PMEGP (Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme) |
| Employment | Lakhs of spinners and weavers |
| Khadi India stores | Multiple outlets across UP cities |
Handloom Clusters
UP has the highest number of handloom weavers in India, primarily concentrated in eastern and central UP.
| Cluster | Product | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Varanasi | Banarasi brocade, silk | Eastern UP |
| Mubarakpur (Azamgarh) | Silk sarees | Eastern UP |
| Mau | Power loom textiles | Eastern UP |
| Barabanki | Cotton muslin | Central UP |
| Sitapur | Dastarkhwan | Central UP |
The handloom sector in UP employs over 25 lakh weavers, making it a critical livelihood source.
MSME Contribution to UP Economy
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total MSME units | ~90 lakh |
| Share in state industrial output | ~30-35% |
| Employment generated | ~1.65 crore |
| Key policy | UP MSME Promotion Policy 2017 |
| Registration portal | Nivesh Mitra / Udyam Registration |
Key Takeaways
- ODOP launched in 2018 — maps one unique product to each of UP’s 75 districts
- High-frequency pairs: Lucknow-Chikankari, Varanasi-Silk, Moradabad-Brass, Kannauj-Perfume, Bhadohi-Carpets
- Common Facility Centres provide shared infrastructure to artisans
- Amazon ODOP, Flipkart Samarth, and GeM platforms help market access
- UP has the highest number of handloom weavers (~25 lakh) in India
Summary Cheat Sheet
| Fact | Answer |
|---|---|
| ODOP launch year | 2018 |
| Number of districts covered | 75 |
| Lucknow ODOP | Chikankari |
| Kannauj ODOP | Perfume (Attar) |
| Bhadohi ODOP | Carpets |
| Pilibhit ODOP | Flutes |
| Azamgarh ODOP | Black Pottery |
| Gorakhpur ODOP | Terracotta |
| Handloom weavers in UP | ~25 lakh |
| MSME units in UP | ~90 lakh |
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