Lesson
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🌷 Classification of Horticultural Crops

Classification of Horticultural Crops.

Classification makes horticulture easier to study by grouping crops according to climate, plant part used, growth habit, and utility for farm planning and management.


Classification Based on Climate

Category Temperature Range Examples
Tropical Fruits 25-35 degree C Mango, Banana, Papaya, Pineapple, Guava
Subtropical Fruits 15-25 degree C Citrus, Pomegranate, Fig, Litchi
Temperate Fruits 5-15 degree C Apple, Pear, Peach, Plum, Cherry


Classification of Vegetable Crops

Vegetables are classified based on the edible part used:

  • Root vegetables: Carrot, Radish, Beetroot, Turnip, Sweet Potato
  • Stem vegetables: Potato (tuber), Onion (bulb), Garlic (bulb)
  • Leaf vegetables: Spinach, Amaranthus, Lettuce, Cabbage
  • Flower vegetables: Cauliflower, Broccoli, Artichoke
  • Fruit vegetables: Tomato, Brinjal, Okra, Capsicum, Cucumber
  • Seed/Pod vegetables: Peas, Beans, Cowpea


Classification of Ornamental Crops

Ornamental plants are grouped by their growth habit:

  • Trees: Gulmohar, Jacaranda, Cassia, Bauhinia
  • Shrubs: Hibiscus, Bougainvillea, Ixora, Duranta
  • Climbers: Jasmine, Allamanda, Thunbergia
  • Annuals: Marigold, Zinnia, Petunia, Cosmos
  • Bulbous plants: Gladiolus, Tuberose, Lily, Dahlia
  • Cacti and Succulents: Aloe, Agave, Euphorbia


Classification of Spice Crops

Type Examples
Seed spices Coriander, Cumin, Fenugreek, Fennel
Rhizome spices Turmeric, Ginger
Bark spices Cinnamon
Fruit spices Black Pepper, Cardamom, Chilli
Bulb spices Garlic, Onion


Classification of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

  • Medicinal plants: Ashwagandha, Tulsi, Aloe Vera, Senna, Isabgol
  • Aromatic plants: Lemongrass, Citronella, Palmarosa, Mentha, Geranium


Summary Cheat Sheet

Basis Main Groups
Climate Tropical, Subtropical, Temperate
Vegetable classification Root, Stem, Leaf, Flower, Fruit, Seed/Pod
Ornamentals Trees, Shrubs, Climbers, Annuals, Bulbous, Succulents
Spices Seed, Rhizome, Bark, Fruit, Bulb
Special-use plants Medicinal and Aromatic groups

References

2 sources • [1] [2]

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