Lesson
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🦠 Classification of Prokaryotic Pathogens

Classification and major groups of prokaryotic plant pathogens including bacteria and mollicutes.

Prokaryotic pathogens are critical in plant disease diagnosis because many vascular and systemic disorders are caused by bacterial and mollicute groups.


Major Prokaryotic Groups in Plant Pathology

Key groups include:

  • True bacteria.
  • Fastidious vascular bacteria (RLB group in classical teaching).
  • Phytoplasmas.
  • Spiroplasmas.

True Bacteria

Features:

  • Rigid cell wall, binary fission.
  • Usually rod-shaped in plant pathology.
  • Cause cankers, blights, wilts, soft rots, and galls.

Fastidious Vascular Bacteria

Characteristics:

  • Difficult to culture.
  • Often xylem- or phloem-limited.
  • Spread through insect vectors and grafting.

Phytoplasmas and Spiroplasmas

Both are wall-less mollicutes, but differ morphologically.

  • Phytoplasmas: pleomorphic, phloem-limited.
  • Spiroplasmas: helical and motile.

Common symptoms include little leaf, phyllody, yellows, and stunting.


Diagnostic and Management Notes

Practical diagnosis uses symptomatology, vector relation, microscopy, and molecular assays. Management emphasizes vector control, healthy planting material, and removal of infected reservoirs.


Summary Cheat Sheet

Group Key Feature Typical Symptom Pattern
True bacteria Cell wall present Canker, blight, wilt
Fastidious bacteria Vascular-limited, hard to culture Chronic decline, scorch
Phytoplasma Wall-less, phloem-limited Little leaf, phyllody
Spiroplasma Helical mollicute Stunting, chlorosis

References

1 source • [1]

[1]

Used for: Foundational bacterial and mollicute classification used in crop disease education.

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