Lesson
32 of 36

🍂 Senna

Senna cultivation for laxative leaves and pods, including harvest and quality points.

Senna is a commercial medicinal leaf and pod crop used as a natural laxative source in domestic and export pharmaceutical markets.


Crop Profile and Uses

Cassia angustifolia is the principal cultivated senna species in India.

Active principles:

  • Sennoside A
  • Sennoside B

Leaves and pods are the commercial drug materials.


Climate and Soil

Senna prefers bright sunshine and dry weather during harvest.

Field suitability:

  • Well-drained sandy loam to loam soils.
  • Sensitive to waterlogging.
  • Rainy-season harvest is problematic due to drying issues.

Propagation and Sowing

Propagation is by seed. Pre-soaking/seed treatment improves stand.

Sowing practices:

  • Line sowing preferred.
  • Seed treatment helps reduce damping-off.
  • Plant population and seed rate vary with sowing method.

Nutrient and Crop Management

  • FYM at field preparation.
  • Balanced NPK with split nitrogen.
  • Timely interculture and weed control.
  • Mostly rainfed with light irrigation support where required.

Pests, Diseases, and Harvesting

Major concerns include leaf-eating caterpillars and leaf-spot/blight complexes.

Harvest management:

  • First leaf picking typically at 50 to 70 days.
  • Multiple pickings for leaves and pods.
  • Fast, clean drying is essential to preserve green color and sennoside quality.

Summary Cheat Sheet

Topic Exam Key Point
Scientific name Cassia angustifolia
Family Leguminosae/Fabaceae
Economic parts Leaves and pods
Active compounds Sennosides
First picking ~50 to 70 days
Key quality factor Rapid post-harvest drying

References

2 sources • [1] [2]

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