Path171

Learn the meaning, scope, objectives, and practical importance of plant pathology in crop protection.

Understand the major biotic groups that cause plant disease and how they differ in nature, spread, and examples.

Major structural, reproductive, and ecological characteristics that define fungi in plant pathology.

Principles of scientific naming and taxonomic notation used for plant pathogens.

Important features of Myxomycota and their position among plant-associated lower organisms.

Key features, classification basis, and importance of Eumycota in plant pathology.

Defining characters and examples of Zygomycotina relevant to plant pathology study.

Major characters, reproduction, and significance of Ascomycotina fungi in crop diseases.

Important features and disease relevance of Basidiomycotina in plant pathology.

Characteristics and practical importance of Deuteromycotina or imperfect fungi in plant disease.

Classification and major groups of prokaryotic plant pathogens including bacteria and mollicutes.

Nature, structure, and major biological properties of plant viruses causing crop diseases.

Structure, replication, and disease importance of viroids as subviral plant pathogens.

Meaning, scope, and objectives of plant pathology as a scientific discipline.

Core terminology and foundational concepts used in plant disease diagnosis and study.

Steps and conditions involved in infection, colonization, and symptom development in plants.

Study how pathogens invade host tissues and how enzymes, toxins, growth regulators, and related factors produce disease symptoms.

Pre-existing and induced structural and biochemical defense mechanisms operating in plants.

Disease spread patterns and the interaction of host, pathogen, environment, and time.

Concepts, methods, and usefulness of forecasting systems for timely plant disease management.

Use of remote sensing tools for disease surveillance, diagnosis, and early warning in crops.

Understand the basic management principles such as avoidance, exclusion, eradication, protection, host resistance, and therapy.

Regulatory and quarantine-based methods used to prevent pathogen introduction and spread.

Agronomic and crop-management practices used to suppress plant diseases in the field.

Biological control principles and the role of PGPR in suppressing plant pathogens.

Heat and other physical methods used to reduce pathogen survival and disease spread.

Fungicides, their classification, and principles for safe and effective chemical disease control.

Concept, types, and utility of host plant resistance in disease management.

Biotechnological tools used for diagnosis, resistance breeding, and plant disease management.

Application of modern biotechnological approaches in practical plant disease management.

Integrated disease management principles combining compatible tactics for sustainable control.